Types of Angioedema

Acute allergic angioedema refers to a form of angioedema that occurs as a result of an allergic reaction. It is marked by swelling that is usually accompanied by hives and other allergy-related symptoms. Substances that can act as triggers for this type of angioedema include certain foods, medications, latex, and venom from insect bites.

Acquired angioedema is a rare type of angioedema that’s commonly associated with an underlying illness, such as cancer or an autoimmune disease. Like other types of angioedema, acquired angioedema is characterized by swelling attacks that can occur anywhere in the body. Swelling in this type of angioedema is caused by a C1-INH deficiency.

Hereditary angioedema is inherited and occurs due to genetic abnormalities that cause a deficiency in the levels of C1 protein. It is a chronic disease characterized by sudden but temporary swelling in the deeper layers of the skin that usually appears on its own, without hives or a rash. Hereditary angioedema is divided into three subtypes.

Idiopathic angioedema is a form of angioedema that has no obvious cause or trigger. Similar to other types of angioedema, its hallmark symptom is swelling, which most commonly occurs in the face, limbs, and extremities.

Nonallergic angioedema is a type of angioedema that occurs due to an adverse reaction to certain medications. Like other types of angioedema, it is marked by swelling. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, which are commonly used to treat high blood pressure, are the most notable class of medicines that can trigger nonallergic angioedema.